Nursing Care Plan For Headache

Headache Nursing Intendance Plans Diagnosis and Interventions

Headache NCLEX Review and Nursing Intendance Plans

Headaches are a mutual problem characterized past hurting in the head or confront. This sensation can be throbbing, continuous, sharp, or slow.

Medication, stress management, and biofeedback can all help in treating headaches.

Types of Headaches

There are over 150 kinds of headaches, depending on location, intensity, frequency, and cause. Headaches are divided into two primary categories: primary and secondary headaches.

Primary headaches are non secondary or related to any medical status. Information technology is non considered to exist a symptom of an existing medical condition.

The pain from main headaches may put someone out of action, but these are not life-threatening. These types of headaches come up from inflammation in parts of the body that are sensitive to pain, commonly around the head and cervix.

These areas include the nerves, blood vessels, and muscles. The types of headaches that are included in this category are:

• Tension headache. A tension headache is the near common type of headache in adults and teenagers. The level of pain is mild to moderate and tends to be abiding but not pulsating. felt on both sides of the caput, or bilateral, and gets meliorate after taking an over-the-counter pain reliever. Worsening when doing routine activities similar bending over and walking upstairs. The well-nigh mutual symptoms of tension headache are pounding and throbbing hurting, which can last from four to 72 hours. Information technology is often associated with other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to calorie-free, noise, or smell, loss of appetite, and tum or abdominal pain. In children, migraine is usually presented with the following symptoms: dizziness, blurry vision, looking stake, fever, and stomach pain. Some children also experience vomiting.
• Cluster headache. This is the near severe blazon of primary headache that usually happens in a group or cluster, most of the time during the spring or fall flavor. The pain may concluding until fifteen minutes to 3 hours and might occur one time to iii times a twenty-four hour period during a cluster menstruum. The cluster period is usually two weeks to 3 months. The kind of pain is intense, pulsing, and consequent, with a burning or piercing awareness felt behind or around one middle. in the region of pain, drooping of the eyelid, eye redness, constriction of the pupil, and teary optics.
• New daily persistent headache. In this type of headache, there's a sudden onset of pain that doesn't resolve within 24 hours and recurs nearly every day. This type of headache is not equally mutual as others. However, it affects routine and daily activities. Well-nigh commonly, headaches develop among those without a previous history of headaches.
• Sinus headache. This is secondary to a sinus infection and is related to nasal congestion and inflammation in the sinus surface area. Headaches worsen with a sudden movement of the head or during straining. Deep hurting is besides felt in the cheekbone and forehead. Other symptoms are facial swelling, mucus discharge, fever, facial swelling, and bad taste.
• Medication overuse headache. Frequent taking of pain relievers for headaches is the cause of this type of headache. Overuse of medication can increment the frequency of headaches, and the patient may experience more days with pain than without. Almost of the time, the hurting gets worse in the morning time.

Secondary Headaches

Secondary headaches are headaches related to other medical conditions. They trigger areas in the head and neck that are sensitive to pain. Secondary headaches are not more common than primary headaches. However, they can be more than severe considering that they can exist a warning sign of an existing condition, which may include:

• brain tumors
• head injury
• high blood pressure
• aneurysm
• infection
• medication overdose
• nasal congestion
• trauma
• injury to the neck or brain
• tumor

Risk Factors for Headache

A chance factor is something that increases the possibility of having a disease. Headaches can be triggered past several factors, depending on which type of headache the patient has.

1. Tension Headache
   • Lifestyle – increased stress level, fatigue, anger, and non having plenty sleep
   • Existing health weather – low and anxiety have been connected to tension headaches.

2. Migraines
   • Lifestyle – the near mutual lifestyle factors are skipped meals, fasting, specific nutrient and drinks, trouble sleeping, stress, and drinking alcohol.
   • Existing health conditions
   • Medications  -hormone replacement therapy and hormonal contraceptives, pain relievers that are used ofttimes or nearly on a daily basis
   • Other factors such as menstruum period, weather or altitude changes, strong lights, loud music, environmental noise, and strong smells similar perfume.

3. Cluster headache
   • Lifestyle- Cluster headache is more than mutual in people who smoke.
   • Wellness problems- Similar to other types of headaches, low, and anxiety are likewise linked to cluster headaches.

4. Sinus headache
   • Wellness problems – some conditions atomic number 82 to mucus product, swelling in the tissue lining of the nose, pain, and force per unit area. The following increases the risk of these problems:
   • Allergies – This includes allergies to pollen, pollution, and seasonal related
   • Nasal congestion
   • Common colds
   • Upper respiratory infection
   • Nasal polyps
   • Deviated septum
   • Cystic fibrosis
   • History of sinus surgery
   • Low immune system
   • Trauma or injuries that bear on and block sinus passages.

Diagnosis of Headache

 1. Physical assessment. An accurate assessment is needed to have the correct diagnosis and an accurate handling plan will be designed. The patient will exist asked most the symptoms they experience, the frequency of headaches that happen, their severity, the location of the hurting, and what relieves them from the pain. The medico will also obtain a full medical history of the patient, including the existing medical condition, history of disease, allergies, maintenance medicine, and others. A physical exam will be washed afterward.

In diagnosing a headache, 1 important betoken is to identify the category information technology belongs to. If the headache is of the primary or secondary type, these steps may be taken for proper diagnosis.

2. Headache diary.  This is a tool that logs important details virtually the headache. The following will be accurately recorded in this diary: the frequency, duration, and severity of headaches over time. Information technology also contains data such as the pattern, triggering factors, medication taken, and the response to it. It helps the medico make the right diagnosis and an effective treatment programme.

iii. Headache trigger tracker. This tool assists in determining what causes and worsens headache. It can be nutrient, drinks, events, and others. With this tracker, the patient tin be aware of their triggers and the medico tin better manage the headache.

4. Neurological Exam. The doctor will likewise check the following: muscle strength and coordination, reflexes, sensation, mental status, and cranial nervus role.

5. Lumbar puncture. A lumbar puncture or spinal tap is recommended to place if there's an occurrence of bleeding or the presence of bacterial or fungal infection.

6. Nasal endoscopy. This is an examination of the nasal and sinus passages. This is to check if there's inflammation in that surface area and also for nasal tumor growth.

7. Imaging. Imaging diagnostic procedures of the head such every bit CT Scans and MRI tin can be done to evaluate if the headache is related to a problem with the central nervous system. These tests can consequence in cross-sectional images of the brain, and abnormalities or issues can be assessed.

Complications of Headache

Generally, the complications of primary headache are not because of the headache itself, only rather secondary to treatment overuse. One known example is the frequent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that can lead to stomach pain and gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

Rebound headaches, or medication-overuse headaches, are common complications of main headaches. This happens if painkillers are taken as well often. The treatment is to discontinue taking the medicine. However, some types of medicine for headaches can result in withdrawal symptoms. Therefore, the treatment must be under the supervision of a healthcare professional.

Other complications of headaches include:

• Status migrainosus. This is an episode of migraine, but the pain is persistent and lasts for more than 3 days. It may result to feeling tuckered or fifty-fifty disabled. In this kind of pain, the patient cannot become enough sleep and keep from throwing up, which increases the risk of aridity. The patient may crave intravenous medication and need to be brought to the hospital.
• Migrainous infarction. This involves the narrowing of claret vessels to the encephalon occurs and leads to a reduction in oxygen supply. Information technology usually happens of a sudden, with an aura and a set of unusual sensations similar a reduction in lite flashes, blind spots, and tingling of hands or face.
• Persistent aura without infarction. There is migraine with an aureola that sometimes lingers for more than than a week. The signs are shut to those of a stroke, but there is no bodily bleeding in the brain.
• Seizures. A migraine-triggered seizure occurs during or subsequently a migraine with aura.

Treatment for Headache

The doctor volition first rule out the underlying crusade of the headache before prescribing whatever medication. Several treatments are bachelor on the marketplace to relieve pain and treat headaches.

• Acute treatment. These medications are given to help treat headaches and their symptoms after they kickoff. These include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce inflammation and pain. Nasal spray is usually used for nasal congestion, common colds, and sinusitis.
• Preventive measures. These are taken regularly to prevent headache attacks and worsening of symptoms. These may include antihypertensive drugs, antidepressants, antiseizure and antipsychotic medications.

Prevention of Headaches

The post-obit steps may prevent symptoms of headaches:

• Place triggers and avoid them every bit much as possible. Go along a headache tracker to record and monitor attacks.
• Learn stress management techniques similar meditation, yoga, and deep breathing exercises.
• Accept a regular eating schedule.
• Take enough balance.
• Exercise regularly.
• Increase oral fluid intake.

Nursing Diagnosis for Headache

Nursing Intendance Plan for Headache one

Acute Pain

Nursing Diagnosis: Acute Pain related to headache secondary to alcohol withdrawal equally manifested by tremors, anxiety, stomach pain, restlessness, and increased center rate.

Desired Outcomes:

• The patient will verbalize reduction of hurting with acceptable pain control at a level of four out of ten.
• The patient will showroom improvement in heart charge per unit within the normal range, as well every bit blood pressure and respiration.
• The patient will show the benefits of using applicative diversional activities and relaxation skills.

Nursing Interventions for Headache	Rationale
Perform a thorough assessment of pain. Identify the following details: characteristics, onset, flow of time, frequency, quality, and intensity. Also included in the assessment is the history of pain.	The patient is the virtually accurate source of information about the pain they have. It is the gold standard in the assessment of pain, for they can provide relevant details such as pain severity and length of time. It is besides of import to determine the history of headache: previous hurting treatment or management done, the effectiveness of previous treatment, and if at that place are any allergies or side effects to medications.
Evaluate the site of the pain by request the patient to point to the location that has discomfort.	Making employ of charts or drawings of the torso can guide the patient and the nurse to identify the verbal location of the pain. Especially amongst patients with a express vocabulary or in children, they can pinpoint the location of the pain.
Provide actions to convalesce pain before it gets worse.	When a college dose is required, pain medications should exist administered before the onset of hurting or before it worsens.
Teach the patient not-pharmacologic pain management for headache.	Nonpharmacologic techniques in the direction of pain include concrete, cognitive, and behavioral approaches and lifestyle pain direction.
Provide nursing care during the peak effects of pain relievers.	Oral pain relievers height inside hour. Doing nursing tasks at the peak of a pain reliever increases condolement and compliance in the care of patients.
Assess the effectiveness of pain medications as prescribed past the physician and monitor for any signs and symptoms of side furnishings.	Evaluation of the effectiveness of pain relievers must exist done per individual. Absorption and metabolism differ from 1 person to another.

Nursing Care Plan for Headache ii

Action Intolerance

Nursing Diagnosis: Activity Intolerance related to headache secondary to hypertension as evidenced by fatigue, elevated claret pressure level in response to activity, and difficulty breathing.

Desired Outcomes:

• The patient will participate in daily activities with a lower incidence of headaches, difficulty animate, chest hurting, excessive sweating, and dizziness.
• The patient will improve claret pressure within their normal range.
• The patient will make use of the recognizable techniques to improve activity tolerance.
• The patient will enunciate a significant increase in activity tolerance.
• The patient volition exhibit a refuse in physiological signs of intolerance.

Nursing Interventions for Headache	Rationale
Assess the patient'south medical history.	They provide accurate information required in planning treatment and activities.
Assess the patient's limitations to activity or level of deficit in light of their usual condition.	It gives a comparative baseline and data about the needed instructions and procedures regarding the quality of life.
Evaluate the patient's participation in activities. Monitor the patient's heart charge per unit and blood pressure during and after action. Discover whatever signs of chest pain, difficulty breathing, extreme tiredness, sweating, dizziness, and weakness.	The mentioned parameters help to evaluate the physiologic responses to the stress of activity and the benchmark of overexertion.
Notice the emotional and psychological components that impact the present situation.	Also much stress or feeling depressed may increment the effects of a disease, or low might be secondary to a lack of activity.
Advise the patient near energy-conserving strategies like using a chair​​ when showering, sitting when brushing teeth or combing hair, and doing activities at a slower step.	These energy-saving techniques save free energy by lowering their expenditure and balancing the oxygen supply and demand of the body.
Advise the patient to perform activities in a gradual mode and practice self-care when tolerated. Provide help.	Gradual increases in activities foreclose an sharp increase in cardiac workload. Giving assistance just when needed to promote independence in performing activities.

Nursing Care Plan for Headache 3

Dumb Condolement

Dumb Comfort related to headache secondary to nerve disorder, as evidenced by pain, lack of sleep, rapid and shallow animate, and anxiety.

Desired Outcomes:

• The patient volition verbalize an improved pain score of less than 3 out of x on a pain calibration.
• The patient will exhibit the proper way of using a coping mechanism when feeling stressed.
• The patient will express a feeling of improved condolement.

Nursing Interventions for Headache	Rationale
Evaluate the risk factors contributing to discomfort and become a baseline information on each item.	Having this accurate information volition requite a good start for the healthcare squad in using information technology to raise the patient's level of comfort.
Check for any barriers to communication.	Factors such equally language barriers, sensory impairment, trust issues, and others tin can hinder the patient from expressing their feelings and concerns.
Monitor the patient's level of hurting with the use of appropriate pain scales.	Whatsoever signs of pain or discomfort should be properly addressed by the healthcare team. Proper cess volition establish what level of pain is adequate and what will be the goal level of hurting control.
Constitute a reliable and trusting environment with the patient.	Achieving patient trust can help to administrate treatment plans in an easier style. The patient can open up up their concerns to the healthcare staff with confidence and reliance.
Make changes in the environment to the patient's comfort. This includes taking away noisy equipment or appliances, balancing lighting in the room, providing earplugs and eye covers, and regulating the temperature in the room.	By providing a conducive environment for the patient, the nurse will promote a feeling of control and comfort.
Teach several relaxation techniques that may lessen a patient's discomfort. Examples are guided imagery or visualization, deep breathing exercises, meditation, and music therapy.	These activities volition shift the attending away from the present experience of pain and discomfort and can focus on more pleasant experiences.
Administer hurting medication as prescribed.	to improve feelings of discomfort secondary to pain and prevent worsening of the patient's condition.

Nursing Care Plan for Headache 4

disturbed sleep design.

Difficulty falling asleep, fatigue, feeling restless, waking upward in the middle of the night, and morning headache are all symptoms of a disturbed sleep design acquired by migraine headache.

Desired Outcomes:

• The patient will exhibit an improved sleeping design.
• The patient will verbalize having improved and more restful sleep.

Nursing Interventions for Headache	Rationale
Evaluate the patient'south sleeping pattern and accept note of whatsoever significant changes. Besides include the frequency of sleep in a solar day, the number and time of awakenings in the heart of the nighttime or sleep. The incidence of fatigue, weakness, and inactivity.	This is to correlate the altered sleeping patterns with the guidelines or indicators of other disorders. Having this information helps create a patient intendance plan or intervention to rectify sleeping issues. In some cases, patients volition experience frequent sleep during the day. This may cause tiredness and a feeling of restlessness at the stop of the day and delay sleep fourth dimension at nighttime.
Monitor any factors that affect the quality of sleep. This includes the use of alcohol, medications, or caffeine.	Identifying patients' intake of alcohol, medication, or caffeine would assist to trace the problem causing slumber deprivation. Some  older patients may experience an increased demand to urinate during the rest period.
Provide the patient with an environment that is relaxing, comfy, gratuitous of dissonance and distractions.	To encourage a good quality of slumber by removing external stimuli that may cause awakenings during the night.
Advise other slumber support techniques such equally drinking warm milk, taking warm baths before bed, and having extra covers and linens.	To better a patient'south sense of condolement and relaxation. It as well improves whatsoever probable disturbance.
to necessary, provide medication that relieves pain every bit prescribed.	To establish meliorate slumber and condolement and promote a complete sleep cycle.

Nursing Care Programme for Headache 5

Nausea

Nursing Diagnosis: Nausea related to headache secondary to persistent migraine every bit manifested by gagging sensation, sour taste in the mouth, intestinal pain, and increased swallowing.

Desired Outcomes:

• The patient will express relief from nausea.
• The patient volition identify the helpful means to prevent nausea.

Nursing Interventions for Headache	Rationale
Identify what triggers migraine and take note of the take a chance factors.	Evaluating the patient's cause of migraine will help in planning of interventions to be used. Besides, if the triggering factor was identified, the treatment may not be needed.
Evaluate the characteristics of migraine: HistoryDurationFrequencySeverityPrecipitating factors Medications	A comprehensive assessment can help to identify the appropriate intervention to solve or lessen the problem.
Monitor the patient's hydration status, intake and output, everyday weight, blood pressure level, and peel elasticity.	Nausea is commonly associated with vomiting and can touch on the patient'southward hydration status caused by fluid loss.
Guide the patient in preparation for diagnostic testing.	A serial of tests may be required to identify the precipitating factors, CT scan, MRI, and upper gastrointestinal tract study.
Keep the patient hydrated.	A constant supply of fluids to the torso may reduce the adventure of aridity and may foreclose worsening of a patient's pain.
Teach the patient nonpharmacological techniques that may control migraine and nausea, such as relaxation, music therapy, guided imagery, and deep breathing exercises.	These techniques can aid patients salvage pain and discomfort.
Provide a modest amount of food frequently. Examples are dry out foods like crackers and toast, bland and uncomplicated foods like soup, rice, bananas, and gelatin.	To maintain nutritional status and foreclose exacerbation of nausea. These types of foods are recommended for patients experiencing nausea as they are proven to be constructive in reducing symptoms.
Administrate hurting medication and antiemetics as prescribed.	These medications are given to reduce pain, discomfort, nausea, and vomiting.

Nursing References

Ackley, B. J., Ladwig, G. B., Makic, Chiliad. B., Martinez-Kratz, Grand. R., & Zanotti, Thousand. (2020). Nursing diagnoses handbook: An evidence-based guide to planning care . St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.  Purchase on Amazon

Gulanick, M., & Myers, J. L. (2022). Nursing care plans: Diagnoses, interventions, & outcomes . St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. Buy on Amazon

Ignatavicius, D. D., Workman, M. L., Rebar, C. R., & Heimgartner, N. M. (2020). Medical-surgical nursing: Concepts for interprofessional collaborative care . St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.  Buy on Amazon

Silvestri, L. A. (2020). Saunders comprehensive review for the NCLEX-RN test . St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.  Buy on Amazon

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The medical information on this site is provided as an information resources only and is non to be used or relied on for whatsoever diagnostic or treatment purposes.

This information is intended to be nursing education and should not be used as a substitute for professional diagnosis and treatment.

Nursing Care Plan For Headache,

Source: https://nursestudy.net/headache-nursing-diagnosis/

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